A Tale of Two Believers

One man derives his beliefs by taking an idea that seems valuable or desirable to him and enshrining it in multiple layers of stubborn refusal to believe anything contrary to it.  He guards it and even builds his own identity around it, congratulating himself for his faithfulness to his belief.  Criticisms of his belief merely cause him to dig in deeper in his commitment to it.  He pushes the critics away from his belief at all costs.

Meanwhile, another man derives his beliefs after a careful study of the evidence.  He sets his belief on the workbench where he can easily see it and reexamine it at will—and where it can be examined and even criticized by anyone who wishes.  When they criticize or question it, he researches the criticisms and questions, too, just as he has already examined the original idea.  If the new evidence proves that he has got it wrong in any way, he edits his belief accordingly—whether that means making small adjustments or tossing the whole thing out and replacing it with something completely new.  He is not afraid of the critics, and welcomes their interaction as a means to further test the validity of his belief.

The first man enshrines his beliefs forever.  The second man leaves his out on the workbench with every intent to use it until something better comes along.  And if something does come along, once he is convinced that it is more accurate, he wastes no time saying goodbye to the old belief.

The first man has chained himself to what may or may not be true and then shut down his faculty for discerning whether it is really true or not.  The second man remains free to learn better—provided that better exists and is discoverable.

These two men ought not live together.  They are as far from being alike as the east is from the west.  To one, honest and diligent reasoning is a threat, and to the other, it is a treasure and a way of life.  The one shuts it down while the other thrives on it.  The reasoner puzzles at why the defender doesn’t want evidence to back up his guarded belief, provided that belief turns out to be right, but he soon figures out the difference between the two:  The reasoner wants the truth, wherever it may lead, while the defender only wants the truth if it doesn’t require him to let go of his cherished belief.  He doesn’t need the facts because he believes on the basis of dogma, and not on that of evidence.  If the evidence happens to be in his favor, that might be nice, but the risk of finding out that it is not in his favor is far too great to be flirted with.

When these two men come in contact with each other, the defender is forced by the circumstances either to change his thinking, or to lie.  He may lie in exaggerating the soundness of his position, or in pretending that fault exists with the reasoner’s reasoning or with the evidence presented.  Either way, he already has what he wants, and he will not be deprived of it, even at the expense of compromising his own personal authenticity and freedom.

He is caught like the baboon in the video below, simply because he cannot figure out the value in letting go of that which turned out not to be a good deal.  He has the mental faculty for figuring this out, but he has turned it off.

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Voices of Reason Doing More Harm than Good

It does very little good to attempt to be a voice of reason in a society that is not given to sound reasoning.  In fact, in an irrational culture such as ours, reasonable commentary on particular points of religious or political doctrine actually seems to do more harm than good:

  1. Those whose established beliefs disagree with the conclusions of the commentator will simply harden themselves to those conclusions and to the commentator alike—as well as to whatever or whomever else they may associate with that commentator.  Further, they congratulate themselves and their allies for being “right” in the matter, and thus fuel themselves all the more in their unreasonable beliefs.  (This is called the backfire effect.)
  2. Those whose established beliefs agree with the conclusions of the commentator will congratulate the commentator and themselves alike on having the right answer, and will simply harden themselves against all those who disagree—as well as against whatever or whomever else they may associate with those who disagree.  They are not compelled to adopt sound reason across the board, but continue to use it only intermittently—primarily when it can be used to criticize others.  And they abandon sound reasoning when it threatens their own predetermined conclusions.

This is how it works in a biased and relativistic culture of Circumrealitans, Pseudorealitans, and Contrarealitans.

What about the reformer/activist, then?  Once he or she admits that his or her activism is counterproductive—assuming he or she thinks that counterproductivity is a bad thing—will the activism be abandoned?  Or has the person become so deeply invested in his or her identity as an activist that it will be carried on even after the realization?

In my judgment, in a non-realitan culture such as ours, it is better to abandon activism on the particular points of political and religious doctrine and to adopt an activist role in promotion of Reality-Based Thinking, where the process of thinking becomes the subject matter—and under which the Realitan can be trusted to go home and set his own cognitive house in order.

Attempts to reform non-realitan people regarding specific points of doctrine backfire as a rule. Even in those rare cases in which a person is converted on a specific point, one of two bad things usually happens:

  1. The person stays in his present irrational camp in spite of the new evidence that he now believes, or;
  2. The person leaves his old camp and joins the new one, which itself has many irrational positions, no matter how rational it may be on the particular point in question.

This sort of activism, therefore, is a fool’s errand—a hacking at the branches while the root goes unaddressed.  In our society, however, those hacking away at the branches seem to view themselves as the brightest and best.  In their relativist view, what they are doing is “at least better” than what the other guys are doing.  (Do you see the relativism in this?)  So they are happy with themselves as being better off than the others, and this happiness becomes their focus, rather than a continual goal of self correction in all matters.  Thus do they continue being wrong in various matters while evangelizing about their topics of choice.  In general, they are no more interested in reforming themselves than are those poor souls to which they are preaching.  Yet the preaching continues and the merits of rationality as a sustainable way of life are still unsung in our crippled culture.

 

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Political Reform? Really?

Why is there such drive amongst some people to reform the state and federal governments when there is not one city or county government in this country that is known for being non-corrupt?

Do you really expect to succeed in grand scale what you cannot even do on a small scale?  And what’s even more puzzling is this question:  Why aren’t you even trying at the local level?  Where are the placards and protests?

I can’t think of one reason to think this is all OK somehow.  This is just plain backwards.

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Pelham’s Law of Social Dissonance

In a relativist culture, the more beliefs one person communicates to another, the greater the likelihood that dissonance between their conflicting beliefs will spur the listener not to like the one communicating.

In a culture (or subculture) in which people derive their beliefs by varying (relativistic) standards, it should be expected that relationships will be navigated and maintained by the careful avoidance of those topics that create the most dissonance.  Thus does the relationship take on a fragile and defensive nature—more one of protecting the peace than of exploring or learning.  The partnership must be maintained through the careful Continue reading

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Nine Good Moves I Made in 2014

Looking back on 2014, it seems I’ve done nine things in particular that are proving to have been good strategic moves for life.  Here they are, in no particular order.

James Frisbee

Mister Frisbee!

1.  Throwing the football (and Frisbee) with my son, James.  We live in an apartment over an historic storefront in a small town, and we have a small city park across the street.  Since summer, James and I have gone out nearly every week, somewhere between 1 and 5 times to throw the football.  This was the first real practice he’s had with it, and he’s done fairly well.  He is particularly accurate at passing the football, it seems.  The activity was good for the exercise, the skill, and the fresh air, of course.  But it was particularly good to afford a chance for us to talk about whatever was going on at the time.  Among other things, we thoroughly covered the material in some of the chapters of the book I’m writing—and I’d say that’s pretty cool when your 11-year-old son can spot a “my-side bias” or an ad hominem dodge on his own!  James has become the dearest friend in these years.

2.  Writing my book on Reality-Based Thinking.  After a couple of years of heavy reading, I began to write in earnest in 2014—as time permitted.  It’s thrilling to see the topic come together, and while I’m frustrated not to have more time to write, it’s very good to have lots of time to reflect on the topic as I go.  The idea of the book—that we should use reality as our primary and constant guide for decision making (which means avoiding all cognitive biases, errors, hearsay, and deceit)—continues to prove impeccable with each passing month of investigation and analysis.  I asked one wealthy individual I’m acquainted with for a grant for a sabbatical so that I can give the project the undistracted attention it deserves.  We’ll see what he says!  Oh, take my quiz here and see how you do!

3.  Reading.  This year I read (but not necessarily finished):

The Shallows (What the Internet is doing to our brains).  Nicholas Carr
A Guide to Rational Living.  Albert Ellis, PhD
Reality Therapy.  William Glasser, MD
Reality Therapy for the 21st Century.  Robert E. Wubbolding
Human Universals.  Donald E. Brown
50 Great Myths of Popular Psychology. Lilienfeld, Lynn, Ruscio, Beyerstein.
Thinking and Deciding.  Jonathon Baron

Pan Rack

Jack’s Rack for Pots, Pans, and Lids

4.  Efficiency in Living.  We live in a tiny apartment and we still have roughly 25% too much stuff to fit into it!  This time last year, we had approximately 100% too much stuff.  So this was the year of buying bookcases and building shelves, of rummage sales and giveaways and so forth.  Just today, I built a skillet rack for the kitchen.  It holds roughly 12 pots and pans, freeing up some much-needed pantry space.  Next comes installing a washer/dryer in a makeshift laundry room—and while that will be costly, it’s much more efficient than going to the laundromat.  Two of the higher goals in all this are to facilitate healthier cooking/eating and our homeschooling.  Since we spend so much time there, it’s a real downer if our home routine isn’t an efficient one.

5.  Just Say “No!”  In an effort to make time for what I think are the more important things in life, I walked away from a couple of business ventures this year.  One was a website that I built in 2010 for the Paintless Dent Repair industry.  Since then, it has become well-traveled, and useful for marketing.  The other project included a revenue-sharing deal on a startup web/mobile app I helped to invent and to project-manage.  Both were good deals for me, I suppose, but I’m just not interested in being the entrepreneur anymore.  Indeed, the reason I thought I wanted to be an entrepreneur was so that I could make enough money to fund my own important social projects.  But I learned that it sucks the marrow from the bones to life to try to be an entrepreneur.  It robs me of the very thing I find the most fruitful—the time for reflection.  So no more of that for me—for now, at least.  I’d rather have fewer irons in the fire and enjoy life than to have too many in hopes that one of them might grow really hot someday.

Camp

Camp Pelham, on the Missouri River, north of Jordan, MT

6.  First Annual Pelham Camping Adventure.  In early July, we bought enough camping gear to furnish a small army and went camping on the Missouri River, north of Jordan, MT.  Since we moved out of the country and into the mean ol’ city, we don’t get to enjoy the outdoors nearly often enough.  And while I still have an

This is a dorsal-type vertebrae--probably from the upper tail section of a young dinosaur.  It did not appear to be fossilized in the sandstone, but merely weather-worn.

This is a dorsal-type vertebrae–probably from the upper tail section of a young dinosaur. It did not appear to be fossilized in the sandstone, but merely weather-worn.

irrational dream of going camping several times a year, I think that a great practical solution is to plan one mega-trip each year and to be sure to enjoy it.  We’ll definitely do it again—but a couple of weeks early in 2015.  It was getting too hot by July.

Did I mention that I found a dinosaur bone?

022

The main studio at The Pelham School of Arts & Sciences

7.  Pelham School of Arts & Sciences.  Kay and I officially opened our new school in September 2014.  I did a lot of remodeling work earlier in the year to turn the studio into a nice place to work, with my priority being to get Kay up and running with piano lessons, while I continue to try to shift over from my career in Paintless Dent Repair to something I find more meaningful and satisfying.  I have a couple of voice students starting soon.  In one particularly keen negotiation, I traded a high school student some math tutoring for clarinet duet sessions!  I bought a used clarinet at the local pawn shop and told her I’d tutor her for an hour in return for her bringing her clarinet so we could play duets together!  I was amazed that after 30 years (since I last played clarinet), I still knew my way around the horn pretty well!

YBC Logo8.  Yellowstone Boy Choir.  Kay and I founded the Yellowstone Boy Choir this year.  We wanted James to have an excellent ensemble experience, and it seemed the best way to do it was to build it ourselves.  We have had a modest beginning, but I think we’ve learned enough in our Fall session to know how to plan for a successful future.

9.  Solving Some Bible Puzzles.  If I could get it funded, I’d jump at the chance to be a full-time Bible scholar.  In fact, one of the reasons I’m not “farther ahead” in my career than I am is that I have invested a great many hours in extensive Bible study over the last 30-or-so years!  Anyway, this year I took the time to solve (to a fairly high level of certainty) a couple of mysteries I had been pondering for some time.

  1. The Punishment in Eden.  God had promised Adam and Eve that in the day they ate of the forbidden fruit, they would “surely die”—or so say many Bible versions.  But the Hebrew says what we could literally translate to “you will surely die-die”, which is an expression meaning “begin to die”.  And this fits perfectly with the rest of the narrative, in which Adam and Eve had had access to the Tree of Life, which presumably kept them immortal for as long as they would eat of it.  After their sin, however, God drove them from the Garden and the next thing we hear of the Tree of Life is that it is found in “The New Jerusalem” (heaven) in Revelation 22.  Absent that life-sustaining fruit, they lived out their days and died of old age, outside the Garden.Interestingly, when Satan broaches the topic of the forbidden fruit with Eve in Chapter 3, she does not accurately repeat God’s warning that they would “die-die” (begin to die).  Rather, she says (Genesis 3:3) that if they ate of the fruit or even touched it, they would “die”—which means to drop dead.  How was it she got this wrong?  Was she not there when God gave the warning?  Had Adam been careless in passing this along?  Was she not paying sufficient attention to catch the difference between “begin to die” and “drop dead”?  I don’t know if I’ll ever find enough information to answer these questions, but they are indeed intriguing!
  2. The Timing of the “First Resurrection”.  Revelation 20 mentions a “First Resurrection”—a limited resurrection of martyrs who would reign with Christ for “1,000 years”—and then after that, a major resurrection event in which Hades/Sheol would be emptied out and those in it would be dispatched either to the “Holy City” (heaven) or to the Lake of Fire.  Interestingly, there is a limited resurrection mentioned quite explicitly in Matthew 27:52, having happened at the time of Jesus’ resurrection.  “And many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised, 53 and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection they went into the holy city and appeared to many.”This bears a striking resemblance to Ezekiel’s “Dry Bones” prophecy (Ezekiel 37), wherein the physical bodies of many were to be reconstituted from their graves and then restored to life with the original spirits of that once lived in them.  (Many mistake Ezekiel’s prophecy to be about the Second Resurrection, and thus expect their physical bodies to be resurrected, but no such thing is promised regarding the Second Resurrection.)  So was this Matthew 27 event the same as Ezekiel’s “Dry Bones” event and the “First Resurrection” of Revelation 20?  I think so.Hebrews 12:18-24 speaks of the following as already having been in place at the time of this writing:  “…you have come to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, … and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect…”  How did those “firstborn” (from the dead) get to heaven if they were not resurrected from the dead and taken there already?

    Secondly, of Jesus’ ascension (which happened in Acts 1), it was said:  “When he ascended on high he led a host of captives, and he gave gifts to men.” (Ephesians 4:8).   Regarding “he gave gifts to men”, this refers to the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost in Acts 2, which had long been prophesied.  But what about the part where “he led a host of captives”?  When would this happen?  Well, we are told that it happened “when he ascended”.  And when was that?  It was in Acts 1.  So what captives did he take with him that day?  Wouldn’t this bit a fitting reference to those “many holy people” he had rescued from Hades/Sheol in Matthew 27, just weeks before?  I think it would.

    Further, I believe those same people referred to as “the assembly of the firstborn” in Hebrews 12:18-24 are the ones it calls a “great cloud of witnesses” in 12:1—right after having named many of them and described their martyrdom in Chapter 11.  So I believe the First Resurrection has already happened.  I had previously believed this was likely the case, but on fewer points of evidence than I now have for it.

What’s Ahead?

I feel generally frustrated with life because of four particular factors:

  1. My career is seasonal, unpredictable, and unfulfilling.  If I had no other interests, it would be tolerable, and perhaps even fun, but it has faded significantly as my philosophical horizons have grown.
  2. My book (and the promotion of it after I publish it) is the most important project I have in the works.  This really needs to be my full-time “day job”, and I just don’t have the funding for it.  So until I come up with something, I’ll just have to keep chipping away at it while wishing for an early 2015 hail season.
  3. I’m not having enough fun.  I do several things that I can enjoy, but few of them at gratuitously fun.  I’d really like to have a small vocal ensemble—like maybe a barbershop quartet—that I could sing with every Friday evening in the Town Square for whomever cared to listen.  It’s quite hard to find the talent with the time, however.
  4. I’m still not finished getting everything “ship-shape”—that is, “a place for everything, and everything in its place”.  (Thanks for teaching me that, Uncle Bill!)

It’s quite a luxury to be a philosopher and an advocate for social reform.  It’s extremely hard to do as a working-class man.  I strain ahead at it anyway, though, because of the great value I see in what might be done.  Fixing any of the four irritants above will certainly put me in a better place at the end of 2015.  So we’ll see how it goes!

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Regulating Certainty

Here’s a graphical representation (below) of a model I’m currently considering.  It regards the question of how we should regulate our level of certainty on any particular belief.  The idea is simple:  We need to understand first the nature of the target of that belief.  That is,  is it something we can prove (strong) or something we have only imagined to be true (weak).

When something is “weak” in this way, that doesn’t necessarily mean that it is not true.  For example, we might imagine, without any information whatsoever, that Charlie Brown is coming on TV tonight at 7.  We would not be surprised, however, to find out that in reality, it is not airing tonight at all.  In that case, what we imagined would be an unreality.  But if it turned out that our whim of imagination about Charlie Brown airing were true, then we’d be surprised.

What level of certainty should we have about this imagined airing, however?  If we have no information regarding it (no evidence), then we are wise to maintain a very low level of certainty about it.  As the rule of thumb goes, the greater the evidence, the greater is the appropriate level of certainty.

Certainty Chart

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A Little Activist Irony

What do activists do?  Well, they try to motivate others to “wake up” and change things that need changing.

“And what’s ironic about that?”, you ask.

What’s ironic about that is that a great many activists are attempting to bring about changes in ways that are themselves short-sighted and destined to be ultimately ineffective.  In short, most activists also need to “wake up” in some way! Continue reading

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The Belief Box

The Belief Box

The Belief Box

Billy has a box.  In his box is a belief.  It is both important and special—a belief to be guarded and treasured—something of which to be proud and confident.

He was given the belief long ago by a highly-trusted person who passed it along in good faith.  Billy took it as his own. Continue reading

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Pelham’s “Hacking” Epiphanies

Some paradigms disappoint because they turn out to be simply dysfunctional, while others seem to work immediately upon adoption, fulfilling our vision for them in a most satisfactory way.  But then there is a third kind of paradigm.  This sort is not flawed, but will not work well without one or more complementary paradigms also in play.  This is the type I’ll be describing in this article. Continue reading

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A Major Shift in Strategy

For years I have been re-thinking my beliefs and learning that many of them have been wrong.  I have tried regularly to convince others along the way, but have failed almost without exception.  Generally speaking, it is as if I were speaking a different language from those I try to convince; they simply don’t seem to comprehend my reason for rejecting this or that popular belief or tradition.  Further, when I have tried to wrestle with people’s attitudes about their beliefs, it only irritates them in most cases, and they regularly conclude that I am either dull or evil. Continue reading

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